Bombyx mori

domestic silk moth

Order

Lepidoptera

Family

Bombycidae

Genus

Bombyx

Image source: Lupoli Roland@BY-NC

Bombyx mori is an insect from the moth family Bombycidae. It is the closest relative of Bombyx mandarina, the wild silk moth. The silkworm is the larva or caterpillar of a silk moth. It is an economically important insect, being a primary producer of silk. A silkworms preferred food are white mulberry leaves, though they may eat other mulberry species and even the osage orange. Domestic silk moths are entirely dependent on humans for reproduction, as a result of millennia of selective breeding. Wild silk moths (other species of Bombyx) are not as commercially viable in the production of silk.

Host Genome

Genome ID	Level	BUSCO Assessment
-	Chromosome	C:98.6%[S:97.9%,D:0.7%],F:0.1%,M:1.3%,n:1367

Related Symbionts

35 records

Symbiont records associated with Bombyx mori

	Classification	Function	Function Tags
Bacillus subtilis Bacillota	Bacteria	Bacillus subtilis generates a variety of primary and secondary metabolites (such as B vitamins and antimicrobial compounds) to provide micronutrients…	amino acid provision B vitamin supplementation antimicrobial activity pathogen resistance
Pseudomonas fulva ZJU1 Pseudomonadota	Bacteria	Pseudomonas fulva ZJU1 can degrade and utilize the mulberry-derived secondary metabolite, 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) as the sole energy source, and aft…	detoxification enzymes nutrient provision
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia -	Bacteria	Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (Gut bacteria, Metagenome data) facilitates host resistance against organophosphate insecticides and provides essential …	amino acid provision pesticide metabolization
Staphylococcus gallinarum KX912244 Bacillota	Bacteria	Staphylococcus gallinarum KX912244 produces Staphyloxanthin pigment which exhibits considerable biological properties, including in vitro antimicrobi…	antimicrobial activity
Francisella tularensis Pseudomonadota	Bacteria	Francisella tularensis inhibits the induction of host immune responses (melanization and nodulation) after infection, but pre-inoculation enhances th…	antimicrobial activity pathogen resistance
Mammaliicoccus sciuri Bacillota	Bacteria	Mammaliicoccus sciuri produces the secreted chitinolytic lysozyme Msp1, which damages fungal cell walls and completely inhibits the spore germination…	antimicrobial activity fungal farming
silkworm metagenome -	Bacteria	The silkworm microbiome contains genes that encode functions, such as the chitinolytic lysozyme Msp1, that confer antimicrobial activity against fung…	antimicrobial activity fungal farming
Enterococcus faecalis LX1None Bacillota	Bacteria	Enterococcus faecalis LX10 exhibits anti-Nosema bombycis activity and plays an important role in protecting Bombyx mori silkworms from microsporidia …	antimicrobial activity
Aeromonas sp. Pseudomonadota	Bacteria	Aeromonas sp. is able to utilize CM-cellulose and xylan, indicating degradation capabilities for various carbohydrates including pectin and starch.	cellulose hydrolysis xylan hydrolysis carbohydrate metabolism pectin hydrolysis
Bacillus pumilus SW41 Bacillota	Bacteria	Bacillus pumilus SW41 processes a lipase gene and exhibits antiviral activity of its protein against B. mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV).	lipase antiviral activity
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia SM-1 Pseudomonadota	Bacteria	Stenotrophomonas maltophilia SM-1 confers a significant fitness advantage to Bombyx mori via nutritional (amino acids) upgrading.	amino acid provision
Stenotrophomonas Pseudomonadota	Bacteria	Stenotrophomonas confers insecticide resistance against the toxic effects of organophosphate insecticides in Bombyx mori.	pesticide metabolization
Bacillus pumilus Bacillota	Bacteria	Bacillus pumilus shows potent antiviral activity against the budded virions of Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV).	antimicrobial activity
Streptomyces Actinomycetota	Bacteria	Streptomyces produces Bombyxamycin A, which exhibits significant antibacterial and antiproliferative effects.	antimicrobial activity
Serratia liquefaciens Pseudomonadota	Bacteria	Serratia liquefaciens is able to utilize three polysaccharides, including CM-cellulose, xylan, and pectin.	cellulose hydrolysis xylan hydrolysis
Bacillus aryabhattai Bacillota	Bacteria	Bacillus aryabhattai exhibits cellulolytic activity in the gut of Bombyx mori.	cellulose hydrolysis
Klebsiella pneumoniae Pseudomonadota	Bacteria	Klebsiella pneumoniae degrades cellulose, xylan, pectin, and starch.	cellulose hydrolysis xylan hydrolysis carbohydrate metabolism pectin hydrolysis
Citrobacter freundii Pseudomonadota	Bacteria	Citrobacter freundii degrades cellulose, xylan, pectin, and starch.	cellulose hydrolysis xylan hydrolysis carbohydrate metabolism pectin hydrolysis
Coprinellus radians Basidiomycota	Fungi	Coprinellus radians (Fungi) produces cellulase and amylase enzymes.	cellulose hydrolysis carbohydrate metabolism
Bacillus circulans Bacillota	Bacteria	Bacillus circulans degrades cellulose, xylan, pectin, and starch.	cellulose hydrolysis xylan hydrolysis carbohydrate metabolism pectin hydrolysis
Proteus vulgaris Pseudomonadota	Bacteria	Proteus vulgaris degrades cellulose, xylan, pectin, and starch.	cellulose hydrolysis xylan hydrolysis carbohydrate metabolism pectin hydrolysis
Alternaria sp. Ascomycota	Fungi	Alternaria sp. (Fungi) produces cellulase and amylase enzymes.	cellulose hydrolysis carbohydrate metabolism
Enterococcus mundtii EMB156 Bacillota	Bacteria	Enterococcus mundtii EMB156 efficiently produces lactic acid.	amino acid provision
Bacillus megaterium Bacillota	Bacteria	Bacillus megaterium produces amylase for starch degradation.	carbohydrate metabolism
Preussia sp. Ascomycota	Fungi	Preussia sp. (Fungi) produces cellulase and amylase enzymes.	cellulose hydrolysis carbohydrate metabolism
Enterococcus mundtii Bacillota	Bacteria	Enterococcus mundtii facilitates lactic acid production.	carbohydrate metabolism
Enterococcus sp. Bacillota	Bacteria	Enterococcus sp. produces cellulase and amylase enzymes.	cellulose hydrolysis carbohydrate metabolism
Stenotrophomonas Pseudomonadota	Bacteria	Stenotrophomonas produces lipase in the gut environment.	lipase
Corynebacterium Actinomycetota	Bacteria	Corynebacterium produces lipase in the gut environment.	lipase
Brevibacterium Actinomycetota	Bacteria	Brevibacterium produces lipase in the gut environment.	lipase
Staphylococcus Bacillota	Bacteria	Staphylococcus produces lipase in the gut environment.	lipase
Bacillus sp. Bacillota	Bacteria	Bacillus sp. produces lipase in the gut environment.	lipase
Erwinia sp. Pseudomonadota	Bacteria	Erwinia sp. produces cellulase and amylase enzymes.	cellulose hydrolysis carbohydrate metabolism
Pantoea sp. Pseudomonadota	Bacteria	Pantoea sp. produces cellulase and amylase enzymes.	cellulose hydrolysis carbohydrate metabolism
Klebsiella Pseudomonadota	Bacteria	Klebsiella produces lipase in the gut environment.	lipase

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Metagenome Information

4 records

Metagenome sequencing data associated with Bombyx mori

Run	Platform	Location	Date	BioProject
SRR29040028 WGS	ILLUMINA Illumina HiSeq 1000	Laos	2021-10/2021-12	PRJNA1111294
SRR24709531 WGS	OXFORD_NANOPORE MinION	India	2017-04	PRJNA724724
SRR24709532 WGS	OXFORD_NANOPORE MinION	India	2017-04	PRJNA724724
SRR24709533 WGS	OXFORD_NANOPORE MinION	India	2017-04	PRJNA724724

Amplicon Information

19 records

Amplicon sequencing data associated with Bombyx mori

Run	Classification	Platform	Location	Environment
SRR27899706 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR27899689 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR27899690 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR27899691 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR27899692 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR27899693 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR27899694 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR27899695 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR27899696 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR27899697 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR27899698 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR27899699 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR27899700 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR27899701 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR27899702 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR27899703 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR27899704 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR27899705 AMPLICON	16S	-	China	-
SRR21053554 AMPLICON	16S and ITS	-	Kenya 1.13 S 36.53 E	ENVO:02000022 ENVO:00002003

14 records

Research articles related to Bombyx mori

Title	Authors	Journal	Year	DOI
From phyllosphere to insect cuticles: silkworms gather antifungal bacteria from mulberry leaves to battle fungal parasite attacks	Zhao, PF; Hong, S; Li, YK ... Gao, HC; Wang, CS	MICROBIOME	2024	10.1186/s40168-024-01764-6
Gut bacteria of lepidopteran herbivores facilitate digestion of plant toxins	Zhang, Nan; Qian, Zhaoyi; He, Jintao ... Felton, Gary W.; Shao, Yongqi	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences	2024	10.1073/pnas.2412165121
Bacillus symbiont drives alterations in intestinal microbiota and circulating metabolites of lepidopteran host	Li, GN; Zheng, X; Zhu, Y; Long, YH; Xia, XJ	ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY	2022	10.1111/1462-2920.15934
The gut commensal bacterium Enterococcus faecalis LX10 contributes to defending against Nosema bombycis infection in Bombyx mori	Zhang, XC; Feng, HH; He, JT ... Zhang, F; Lu, XM	PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE	2022	10.1002/ps.6846
Gut bacteria of the silkworm Bombyx mori facilitate host resistance against the toxic effects of organophosphate insecticides.	Chen, BS; Zhang, N; Xie, S ... Lu, XM; Shao, YQ	Environment International	2020	10.1016/j.envint.2020.105886
Cellulolytic potential of gut bacterial biomass in silkworm Bombyx mori. L	Pandiarajan, Jeyaraj; Revathy, Kannan	Ecological Genetics and Genomics	2020	10.1016/j.egg.2019.100045
Bombyxamycins A and B, Cytotoxic Macrocyclic Lactams from an Intestinal Bacterium of the Silkworm Bombyx mori	Shin, Yern-Hyerk; Beom, Ji Yoon; Chung, Beomkoo ... Yoon, Yeo Joon; Oh, Dong-Chan	Organic Letters	2019	10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00384
Characterization of a Lipase From the Silkworm Intestinal Bacterium Bacillus pumilus With Antiviral Activity Against Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) Nucleopolyhedrovirus In Vitro	Liu, RH; Wang, WH; Liu, XY ... Zhou, W; Wan, YJ	JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE	2018	10.1093/jisesa/iey111
In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Staphyloxanthin Pigment Extracted from Staphylococcus gallinarum KX912244, a Gut Microbe of Bombyx mori	Barretto, DA; Vootla, SK	INDIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY	2018	10.1007/s12088-018-0718-0
Insect symbionts as valuable grist for the biotechnological mill: an alkaliphilic silkworm gut bacterium for efficient lactic acid production	Liang, XL; Sun, C; Chen, BS ... Lu, XM; Shao, YQ	APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY	2018	10.1007/s00253-018-8953-1
Symbiosis with Francisella tularensis provides resistance to pathogens in the silkworm	Suzuki, J; Uda, A; Watanabe, K; Shimizu, T; Watarai, M	SCIENTIFIC REPORTS	2016	10.1038/srep31476
Isolation and characterization of enzyme-producing bacteria of the silkworm larval gut in bioregenerative life support system	Liang, Xue; Fu, Yuming; Liu, Hong	Acta Astronautica	2015	10.1016/j.actaastro.2015.07.010
Isolation and characterization of lipase-producing bacteria in the intestine of the silkworm,Bombyx mori, reared on different forage	Wei Feng, Xiao-Qiang Wang, Wei Zhou, Guang-Ying Liu, Yong-Ji Wan	Journal of Insect Science	2011	10.1673/031.011.13501
Isolation and characterization of bacteria from the gut of Bombyx mori that degrade cellulose, xylan, pectin and starch and their impact on digestion	Anand, A. Alwin Prem; Vennison, S. John; Sankar, S. Gowri ... Geoffrey, C. Jerome; Vendan, S. Ezhil	Journal of Insect Science (Online)	2010	10.1673/031.010.10701

Core Microbiome Composition

Core microbiome composition is derived from available metagenomic and amplicon sequencing data, calculated based on the relative abundance and coverage of symbionts across different samples. The representativeness of this analysis may vary depending on the number of available samples and should be considered as a reference guide. See calculation details in Help documentation