Functional Symbionts

15 records

Records of insect symbionts with verified function from literatures.

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Host Insect Classification Localization Function Function Tags Year Edit
Gilliamella apicola

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Extracellular

Gilliamella apicola carries the gene for the desaturase FADS2, which is able to metabolize polyunsaturated fatty acids from pollen and synthesize endocannabinoid, a lipogenic neuroactive substance, thereby modulating reward learning and memory in honeybees.
Chemical Biosynthesis Learning And Memory Capacity

2024
Gilliamella apicola

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Intracellular

Gilliamella apicola shares digestive products with Bifidobacterium in exchange for demethylation services, establishing a conditional mutualistic interaction critical for degrading methylated homogalacturonan in Apis mellifera.
Carbohydrate Metabolism

2024
Gilliamella apicola

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Intracellular

Gilliamella apicola shares digestive products with Bifidobacterium in exchange for demethylation services, establishing a conditional mutualistic interaction critical for degrading methylated homogalacturonan in Apis cerana.
Carbohydrate Metabolism

2024
Gilliamella apicola

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Extracellular

2015
Bacteria
Extracellular

Gilliamella apicola wkB1 contributes to carbohydrate metabolism with host specificity.
Carbohydrate Metabolism

2014
Bacteria
Extracellular

Gilliamella apicola wkB11 contributes to carbohydrate metabolism with host specificity.
Carbohydrate Metabolism

2014
Bacteria
Extracellular

Gilliamella apicola wkB30 contributes to carbohydrate metabolism with host specificity.
Carbohydrate Metabolism

2014
Bacteria
Extracellular

Gilliamella apicola strains with specific BGCs produce an unknown type of RiPP, which is active against the pathogen Melissococcus plutonius (antimicrobial activity).
Antimicrobial Activity

2023
Bacteria
Extracellular

Gilliamella apicola W8136 protects honeybees from the pathogenic Hafnia alvei.
Antimicrobial Activity

2022
Gilliamella apicola

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Extracellular

Gilliamella apicola regulates circulating metabolites involved in carbohydrate and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways, and affects the mutually exclusive exon (MXE) and SE events of a high-confidence ASD risk gene, Ank2 (carbohydrate metabolism, developmental modulation).
Carbohydrate Metabolism Developmental Modulation

2022
Gilliamella apicola

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Extracellular

Gilliamella apicola carries main Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs), especially those for resistance to fosfomycin (88%), beta-lactams (73%), fluoroquinolones (63%), and MLS (57%) (immune priming/antibiotic resistance).
Immune Priming

2022
Gilliamella apicola

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Extracellular

Gilliamella apicola possesses strain-level variations in its ability for sugar utilization, which might be important for host food digestion (carbohydrate metabolism).
Carbohydrate Metabolism

2020
Gilliamella apicola

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Extracellular

Gilliamella apicola with PL-CE gene clusters is responsible for the breakdown of pectin in the gut (carbohydrate metabolism/pectin hydrolysis).
Carbohydrate Metabolism

2019
Gilliamella apicola

Pseudomonadota

Apis mellifera

USA, Malaysia, Sing…

Bacteria
Extracellular

Gilliamella apicola utilizes several sugars, including mannose, xylose, arabinose, and rhamnose, which are harmful to bee hosts (carbohydrate metabolism/detoxification).
Carbohydrate Metabolism

2016

Apis mellifera

USA, Australia

Bacteria
Extracellular

Gilliamella apicola PEB0191(T) exhibits a high level of resistance to oxytetracycline (pesticide metabolization).
Pesticide Metabolization

2013
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