B. subtilis can generate a variety of primary and secondary metabolites, such as B vitamins and antimicrobial compounds, to provide micronutrients and enhance the pathogen resistance of their insect host; The antimicrobial compounds secreted by B. subtilis were the primary driving force for the reconstruction of intestinal microbiota

bacteria can degrade malathion, pirimiphos-methyl, and deltamethrin and utilize these insecticides as the carbon source in vitro.

producing amylase

producing amylase

producing amylase

producing amylase

activity of alkaliphilic cellulase with exo/endoglucanase activity and organic solvent, temperature and pH stability

process alkalophilic cellulase which hydrolyzed cellulose, avicel and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the final product of CMC hydrolysis was cellobiose using thin-layer chromatography analysis

The ability of these arthropods to feed on wood, foliage and detritus is likely to involve catalysis by different types of cellulases/hemicellulases that are secreted by gut microbiota to digest the structural and recalcitrant lignocellulosic residues in their foods.

The ability of these arthropods to feed on wood, foliage and detritus is likely to involve catalysis by different types of cellulases/hemicellulases that are secreted by gut microbiota to digest the structural and recalcitrant lignocellulosic residues in their foods.

The ability of these arthropods to feed on wood, foliage and detritus is likely to involve catalysis by different types of cellulases/hemicellulases that are secreted by gut microbiota to digest the structural and recalcitrant lignocellulosic residues in their foods.

The ability of these arthropods to feed on wood, foliage and detritus is likely to involve catalysis by different types of cellulases/hemicellulases that are secreted by gut microbiota to digest the structural and recalcitrant lignocellulosic residues in their foods.

The ability of these arthropods to feed on wood, foliage and detritus is likely to involve catalysis by different types of cellulases/hemicellulases that are secreted by gut microbiota to digest the structural and recalcitrant lignocellulosic residues in their foods.

The ability of these arthropods to feed on wood, foliage and detritus is likely to involve catalysis by different types of cellulases/hemicellulases that are secreted by gut microbiota to digest the structural and recalcitrant lignocellulosic residues in their foods.

The ability of these arthropods to feed on wood, foliage and detritus is likely to involve catalysis by different types of cellulases/hemicellulases that are secreted by gut microbiota to digest the structural and recalcitrant lignocellulosic residues in their foods.

producing chymotrypsin-like proteases, probable assistance to insect in proteinaceous food digestion and adaptation to protease inhibitors of host plants

allow the adaptation of this insect to plants rich in protease inhibitors, minimizing the potentially harmful consequences of protease inhibitors from some of this insect host plants, such as soybean

protein hydrolase activity for proteases, serine proteases, and cysteine proteases