Functional Symbionts

759 records

Records of insect symbionts with verified function from literatures.

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Host Insect Classification Localization Function Function Tags Year Edit
Bacteria
Extracellular

Enterobacter agglomerans (Pantoea) attracts the apple maggot fly, Rhagoletis pomonella, to oviposition sites on host fruit.
Other

2000
Buchnera spp.

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Extracellular

Buchnera spp. produces the GroEL chaperone protein, which binds to plant viruses and makes virus transmission efficient (virus interaction).
Virus Interaction

1999

Sitophilus oryzae

China, France

Bacteria
Intracellular

Sitophilus oryzae principal endosymbiont (SOPE) induces the specific differentiation of bacteriocytes and increases mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation through the supply of pantothenic acid and riboflavin (nutrient provision/vitamin supplementation).
Nutrient Provision

1999
Buchnera aphidicola

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Extracellular

Buchnera aphidicola synthesizes the essential amino acid tryptophan.
Amino Acid Provision

1994
Serratia marcescens

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Extracellular

Serratia marcescens exhibits plastic-degrading properties against bioplastics such as PBSA, PBS, and PCL.
Plastic Degration

2020
Klebsiella oxytoca

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Extracellular

Klebsiella oxytoca exhibits plastic-degrading properties against bioplastics such as PBSA, PBS, and PCL.
Plastic Degration

2020
Bacteria
Extracellular

Hafnia-Obesumbacterium sp. is associated with PET degradation.
Plastic Degration

2023
Citrobacter sp.

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Extracellular

Citrobacter sp. degrades polystyrene (PS).
Plastic Degration

2018
Kosakonia sp.

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Extracellular

Kosakonia sp. degrades polystyrene (PS).
Plastic Degration

2018
Bacteria
Extracellular

Mixta tenebrionis BIT-26 degrades polystyrene (PS).
Plastic Degration

2024
Klebsiella

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Extracellular

Klebsiella degrades polybutylene succinate (PBS).
Plastic Degration

2023
Serratia sp.

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Extracellular

Serratia sp. degrades Polystyrene (PS).
Plastic Degration

2020
Bacteria
Extracellular

Klebsiella aerogenes strain DAI2m/a degrades Polystyrene (PS).
Plastic Degration

2022
Bacteria
Extracellular

Klebsiella sp. WJ2020 degrades Polystyrene (PS).
Plastic Degration

2024
Citrobacter koseri

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Extracellular

Citrobacter koseri degrades polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
Plastic Degration

2023
Bacteria
Extracellular

Serratia marcescens ZJC2 degrades polyethylene (PE).
Plastic Degration

2022

Tenebrio molitor

South Korea

Bacteria
Extracellular

Enterobacter hormaechei LG3 degrades polyethylene (PE).
Plastic Degration

2023
Fukatsuia

Gammaproteobacteria
Bacteria
Intracellular

Fukatsuia symbiotica provides defense against fungal pathogens but interferes with host embryonic development and reproduction, especially at warmer temperatures (natural enemy resistance, growth regulation, developmental modulation).
Natural Enemy Resistance Growth Regulation Developmental Modulation

2025
Sulcia

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Intracellular

Sulcia selectively maintains genes replacing functions of its predecessor for amino-acid biosynthesis and retains genes underlying efficient routes of energy production, including a complete TCA cycle, potentially relaxing the severe energy limitations of the xylem-feeding hosts (amino acid provision, growth regulation).
Amino Acid Provision Growth Regulation

2014
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