Functional Symbionts

2442 records

Records of insect symbionts with verified function from literatures.

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Host Insect Classification Localization Function Function Tags Year Edit
Sodalis glossinidius

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria

Sodalis glossinidius retains a thiamine ABC transporter ($tbpAthiPQ$) believed to salvage thiamine.
Other

2010
Bacteria
Intracellular

Wigglesworthia glossinidia can synthesize thiamine.
Chemical Biosynthesis

2010
Wolbachia

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Intracellular

Wolbachia (possibly) manipulates the physiology of its host plant, resulting in the green-island phenotype.
Other

2010
Wolbachia sp.

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Intracellular and Extracellular

Wolbachia sp. maintains chlorophyll and a nutrient-rich "green island" (insect feeding site) in senescent leaves of the host plant to increase host insect fitness.
Other

2010
Rickettsia

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Intracellular

Rickettsia causes parthenogenetic reproduction in the parasitoid wasp.
Parthenogenesis

2010
Bacteria

Gut bacteria (in the larval midgut) contribute to resistance against invasion.
Stress Resistance

2010
Spiroplasma

Mycoplasmatota
Bacteria
Intracellular

Spiroplasma enhances the survival of Drosophila hydei when attacked by the parasitic wasp Leptopilina heterotoma.
Natural Enemy Resistance

2010
Rickettsiella

Pseudomonadota

Acyrthosiphon pisum

France, England

Bacteria
Intracellular

Rickettsiella changes the insects' body color from red to green in natural populations.
Pigmentation Alteration

2010
Rickettsiella

Pseudomonadota

Acyrthosiphon pisum

France, England

Bacteria

Rickettsiella changes the insects' body color from red to green by increasing blue-green polycyclic quinones while having less effect on yellow-red carotenoid pigments.
Pigmentation Alteration

2010
Bacteria
Extracellular

Candidatus Streptomyces philanthi provides protection for the beewolf larva against pathogens by producing a cocktail of antibiotic substances.
Antimicrobial Activity

2010
Bacteria
Extracellular

Candidatus Streptomyces philanthi provides protection for the beewolf larva against pathogens by producing a cocktail of antibiotic substances.
Antimicrobial Activity

2010

Philanthus

Germnay

Bacteria

Candidatus Streptomyces philanthi is incorporated into the larval cocoon for protection against pathogens.
Other

2010
Bacteria
Intracellular

Arsenophonus nasoniae causes male-killing.
Male Killing

2010
Buchnera

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Intracellular

Buchnera is the source of tryptophan, a key amino acid for the embryo growth of the host aphid.
Amino Acid Provision

2010
Buchnera aphidicola

Pseudomonadota

Macrosiphum euphorbiae

France, Germany

Bacteria
Intracellular

Buchnera aphidicola expression patterns, influenced by the host plant, may contribute to the differential adaptation of aphids to host plant resistance.
Plant Defense Modulation

2010
Wolbachia

Pseudomonadota

Aedes aegypti

Australia

Bacteria
Intracellular

Wolbachia limits infection with dengue, Chikungunya, and Plasmodium in Aedes aegypti but also halves the adult lifespan.
Pathogen Resistance Lifespan Modulation

2009
Bacteria
Extracellular

Gut bacteria could compensate for the lack of sufficient nitrogen in their hosts' diets.
Nitrogen Fixation

2009
Bacteria

Bacillus subtilis allows the insect to adapt to plants rich in protease inhibitors, minimizing their harmful consequences.
Detoxification Enzymes

2009
Bacteria

Bacillus cereus allows the insect to adapt to plants rich in protease inhibitors, minimizing their harmful consequences.
Detoxification Enzymes

2009
Bacteria
Extracellular

Bacillus subtilis exhibits protein hydrolase activity for proteases, serine proteases, and cysteine proteases.
Protein Degradation

2009
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