Functional Symbionts

23 records

Records of insect symbionts with verified function from literatures.

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Host Insect Classification Localization Function Function Tags Year Edit
Bacteria
Extracellular

2023
Bacteria
Intracellular

Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa modifies the anti-predator behavior of Acyrthosiphon pisum by causing the aphids to exhibit proportionately fewer evasive defences (dropping and walking away) and more frequent aggressive kicking in response to ladybirds.
Natural Enemy Resistance

2022
Bacteria
Intracellular

Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa causes the infected Macrosiphum euphorbiae group to show greater differentiation in anti-predator behaviors in response to different predators (ladybirds and lacewings) than the uninfected lines.
Natural Enemy Resistance

2022
Hamiltonella defensa

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Intracellular

Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa has a defensive function and can protect Sitobion avenae aphids from parasitoids (natural enemy resistance).
Natural Enemy Resistance

2021
Bacteria
Extracellular

Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa reduced Sitobion miscanthi susceptibility to insecticides at low concentrations, potentially by increasing host detoxification enzyme activity.
Pesticide Metabolization

2021
Bacteria

Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa (symbiont reduction) led to reduction of the total life span and intrinsic rate of natural increase as well as appearance of deformed dead offspring in Aphis gossypii.
Growth Regulation Developmental Modulation

2020
Hamiltonella defensa

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria
Intracellular

Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa significantly increases the survival rate of the host aphid when attacked by parasitoid wasps, but negatively affects host growth and development.
Natural Enemy Resistance

2020
Hamiltonella defensa

Pseudomonadota
Bacteria

Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa provides a defense against hymenopteran parasitoids to its aphid host, Acyrthosiphon malvae.
Natural Enemy Resistance

2020
Bacteria

Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa increases the reproductive capacity of wheat aphids (number of offspring and reduced age of first breeding) and suppresses the host's salicylic acid (SA)- and jasmonic acid (JA)-related defense pathways.
Fertility Plant Defense Modulation

2019
Bacteria

Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa defensa may indirectly improve the fitness of Sitobion miscanthi by stimulating the proliferation of Buchnera aphidicola.
Stress Resistance

2018
Bacteria

2017
Bacteria
Intracellular

Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa substantially affected the hyperparasitoid (either Aphidius ervi or Aphelinus abdominalis) hatch rate.
Natural Enemy Resistance

2017
Hamiltonella defensa

Pseudomonadota

Acyrthosiphon pisum

USA, Germany, France

Bacteria
Intracellular

Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa and Rickettsiella viridis co-infection causes aphid larvae to become darker green.
Pigmentation Alteration

2015
Bacteria
Intracellular

Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa provides resistance to certain parasitic wasps, such as Aphidius.
Natural Enemy Resistance

2015
Bacteria
Intracellular

The genome of Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa revealed that this secondary symbiont can not only provide vitamins and cofactors but also complete the missing steps of some of the metabolic pathways of Portiera.
Amino Acid Provision Vitamin Supplementation

2015
Bacteria
Intracellular

Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa provided strong protection against L. fabarum and Aphidius colemani, but there was no evidence that $H. defensa$-infected aphids were more resistant to the other parasitoid species.
Natural Enemy Resistance

2015
Bacteria

2015
Bacteria
Intracellular

Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa confers protection against parasitoid wasps.
Natural Enemy Resistance

2013
Bacteria
Intracellular

Hamiltonella phage APSE confers protection against parasitoid wasps, but only when Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa is itself infected by the phage.
Natural Enemy Resistance

2013
Bacteria

Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa 5AT can block the larval development of solitary endoparasitoid wasps (Aphidius ervi and Aphidius eadyi), thereby rescuing the aphid host.
Natural Enemy Resistance

2009
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