Wolbachia induces cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) in H. hebetor and affects host mating behavior in favor of its transmission

induce complete cytoplasmic incompatibility

Wolbachia-infected host embryonic development genes revealed Ddx1 mRNAs, which is required for host viability and in the germ line, accumulated in the posterior region of 3-day-old embryos

It infects and kills E. pela females

It infects and kills E. pela females

may manipulate host reproduction (e.g., cause male-killing) or provide resistance to nematodes and/or parasitoid wasps

induce cytoplasmic incompatibility and control the spread of arboviruses around the world through blockage of viral transmission

This bacterium can eliminate males, turn them into females, sterilize uninfected females or behave as a mutualistic symbiont

wCle provisions the bed bug with B vitamins.It is likely that because of wCle’s nutritional contribution to the bed bug, its titer increases in relation to bed bug growth and development.

an S. poulsonii protein, designated Spaid, whose expression induces male killing

an S. poulsonii protein, designated Spaid, whose expression induces male killing

it is possible that high Spiroplasma density may also play a role in larval fitness

Reproductive manipulators

leads to female bias and may affect host resistance

induced complete Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) (100% mortality)

when infected with Wolbachia, it exhibits cytoplasmic incompatibility between uninfected females and infected males. We found that E. kuehniella suffers costs as a result of Wolbachia infection, through decreased larval survival and adult longevity, and prolonged developmental period

In R. insecticola-infected aphid lines, there were increases in plasticities for developmental times of first and second instar nymphs and for fecundity, showing novel functional roles of bacterial symbionts in plant-insect interactions.

may have reproductive interactions with their mosquito hosts，either providing an indirect fitness advantage to females by inducing male killing or by directly protecting the host against natural pathogens

may have reproductive interactions with their mosquito hosts，either providing an indirect fitness advantage to females by inducing male killing or by directly protecting the host against natural pathogens

induces reproductive incompatibility in the whitefly Bemisia tabaci