increase pupal weight and male fitness

aphids are dependent on this microorganism for the production of the essential amino acids, vitamins and sterols that are necessary for their normal development and reproduction

aphids are dependent on this microorganism for the production of the essential amino acids, vitamins and sterols that are necessary for their normal development and reproduction

Burkholderia gut symbiont in the host insect stimulates biosynthesis of the heteroptera-specific JHSB3, leading to larger number of eggs produced and enhanced fitness in Riptortus host insects

infected WBPH were of shorter nymphal duration and heavier adult weight. Asaia sp. plays a role in improving WBPH fitness through involvement in host’s nutrient supply

fed with specific nutrients and also recycles host metabolic wastes in the insect gut, and in return, the bacterial symbiont provides the host with essential nutrients limited in the insect food, contributing to the rapid growth and enhanced reproduction of the bean bug host.

Spiroplasma poulsonii can encode Ribosome Inactivating Proteins(RIP),which induced damage contributes to male embryo death.

the symbiont-free insects exhibited retarded growth, lower longevity, and adult body weight

Affect oviposition behavior, morphogenesis and development

Affect oviposition behavior, morphogenesis and development

female Bactrocera dorsalis fed Enterococcus faecalis and Klebsiella oxytoca enriched diets lived longer but had lower fecundity

female Bactrocera dorsalis fed Enterococcus faecalis and Klebsiella oxytoca enriched diets lived longer but had lower fecundity

causing female Bactrocera dorsalis laid more eggs but had shorter lifespan

causing female Bactrocera dorsalis laid more eggs but had shorter lifespan

been associated with growth-promoting activity, is capable of producing volatile pyrazines, including 2,5-dimethylpyrazine and 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethylpyrazine, which are used as pheromones by ants

promote the development and body mass gain of RPW larvae by improving their nutrition metabolism

promote the development and body mass gain of RPW larvae by improving their nutrition metabolism

provide nutritional services and accelerate host development

L. plantarum increases its growth-promotion ability by adapting to Drosophila diet

L. plantarum increases its growth-promotion ability by adapting to Drosophila diet