Hemiptera (Order)

The presence of genes involved in biosynthesis pathways for amino acids, vitamins, and cofactors in the genome implicated the symbiont as a nutritional mutualist, supplementing essential nutrients to the host, and symbiont’s plasmid encoded genes for thiamine and carotenoid synthesis pathways, suggesting the possibility of additional functions of the symbiont for protecting the host against oxidative stress and DNA damage

Dactylopiibacterium may catabolize plant polysaccharides, and be active in carbon and nitrogen provisioning through its degradative activity and by fixing nitrogen;this symbiont was also shown to occur in the hemolymph, probably delivering essential amino acids and riboflavin to the host from nitrogen substrates derived from nitrogen fixation.

Rickettsia can be transmitted into plants via whitefly feeding and remain alive within the cotton plants for at least 2 weeks.Then the persistence of Rickettsia and its induced defense responses in cotton plants can increase the fitness of whitefly and, by this, Rickettsia may increase its infection and spread within its whitefly host

CLas exposure altered the abundance of proteins involved in immunity and cellular and oxidative stress in a sex-dependent manner. Also, Clas impacted cuticular proteins and enzymes involved in chitin degradation, as well as energy metabolism and abundance of the endosymbiont 'Candidatus Profftella armatura' in both sexes similarly

plays an important role in interactions between insects and plants and could therefore be considered a valuable target for the development of sustainable pest control strategies;transmitted bacteria impacted plant chemical defenses and were able to degrade toxic plant metabolites, aiding the shield bug in its nutrition

plays an important role in interactions between insects and plants and could therefore be considered a valuable target for the development of sustainable pest control strategies;transmitted bacteria impacted plant chemical defenses and were able to degrade toxic plant metabolites, aiding the shield bug in its nutrition

Buchnera the nutritional endosymbiont of A. pisum is located inside of bacteriocytes and requires aspartate from the aphid host, because it cannot make it de novo. Further Buchnera needs aspartate for the biosynthesis of the essential amino acids lysine and threonine, which the aphid and Buchnera require for survival

provides its host with essential nutrients, vitamins, cofactors and protection of the most vulnerable stages of early development (1st nymphal stages). Pantoea carbekii is highly stress tolerant, especially once secreted to cover the eggs, by its unique biofilm-formation properties, securing host offspring survival

Hamiltonella-infected whiteflies produced significantly more eggs, exhibited significantly higher nymphal survival, faster development times, and larger adult body size in comparison with Hamiltonella-free whiteflies, while no evidence of reproductive manipulation by Hamiltonella were found in B. tabaci MED

process of regression from winged to wingless morph was inhibited by Serratia symbiotica. The existence of the symbiont did not affect the body mass and fecundity of adult aphids, but it increased the body weight of nymphs and temporally increased the quantity of a primary symbiont, Buchnera aphidicola

secondary symbiont reduction led to reduction of the total life span and intrinsic rate of natural increase as well as appearance of the deformed dead offspring. H. defensa and Arsenophonus contributed to the fitness of A. gossypii by enhancing its performance, but not through parasitoid resistance.

The host insects infected with these mutants exhibited significantly smaller body size than the host insects infected with the wildtype strain of the Burkholderia symbiont, which is likely due to the lower infection density of the symbiont mutants in the host midgut compared with the wildtype strain

The host insects infected with these mutants exhibited significantly smaller body size than the host insects infected with the wildtype strain of the Burkholderia symbiont, which is likely due to the lower infection density of the symbiont mutants in the host midgut compared with the wildtype strain

secondary symbiont reduction led to reduction of the total life span and intrinsic rate of natural increase as well as appearance of the deformed dead offspring. H. defensa and Arsenophonus contributed to the fitness of A. gossypii by enhancing its performance, but not through parasitoid resistance.

Regiella infection decreased the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) of aphids at 25 °C and 28 °C. However, at 31 °C, the effect of Regiella on the rm varied depending on the aphid genotype and density. Thus, the negative effects of this endosymbiont on its host were environmentally dependent.

can use glutamine and other raw materials for the synthesis of essential amino acids, so as to supplement the BPH with amino acids that are missing in food or cannot be synthesized by itself, and the difference in nutrients can affect the difference in wing type differentiation.

fed with specific nutrients and also recycles host metabolic wastes in the insect gut, and in return, the bacterial symbiont provides the host with essential nutrients limited in the insect food, contributing to the rapid growth and enhanced reproduction of the bean bug host.

symbiont lead to external morphological changes (e.g. abnormalities in notum and wings) as well as significantly fewer emergence rates (in all stages, except for the first instar);less mating frequency was observed in the aposymbiotic population compared with the control

Cardinium could inhibit the defense response of the host plant and decrease the detoxification metabolism ability of the host whitefly, decrease the expression of detoxification metabolism genes, especially the uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronyltransferase and P450 genes,

could be supplying most of these precursors for the amino acid biosynthesis as it has the potential to make ribulose-5P from ribose-1P and also PEP and pyruvate from glycolysis. It is also capable of producing homocysteine from homoserine for methionine biosynthesis,

The inner core core oligosaccharide, composed of Kdo (3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid), Ko, and two heptoses, is especially important in maintaining a symbiont titer in the M4 midgut and supporting host growth, fitness, and defense against bacterial challenge

when faced with hosts possessing H. defensa, aphid parasitoids are under selection to preferentially attack the youngest host stages and/or to discriminate against symbiont-protected aphids; suggest a high specificity of symbiont-conferred resistance

elimination of Buchnera using the antibiotic rifampicin significantly reduced the formation of winged morphs, body mass, and fecundity in S. avenae; may disrupt the nutrient acquisition in aphids and alter transgenerational phenotypic expression

Acinetobacter can effectively degrade cellulose and harmful substances such as polystyrene and phenol.It can help the short-winged BPH to improve its detoxification ability in harsh environments and adapt to environmental changes at any time.

The sterilization-produced aposymbiotic nymphs showed high mortality and no insects reached adulthood. In addition, the Pantoea symbiont was uncultivable outside the insect host, indicating an obligate and intimate host-symbiont association

symbiont expression patterns differ between aphid clones with differing levels of virulence, and are influenced by the aphids' host plant. Potentially, symbionts may contribute to differential adaptation of aphids to host plant resistance

Arsenophonus sp. can have different effects on its hosts, including obligate mutualism in blood-sucking insects, improving the performance of whiteflies, or through facultative mutualism by protecting psyllids against parasitoid attacks.

In R. insecticola-infected aphid lines, there were increases in plasticities for developmental times of first and second instar nymphs and for fecundity, showing novel functional roles of bacterial symbionts in plant-insect interactions.

Acinetobacter sp. in C. chinensis enriched after treating with saponin, and when incubating bacteria with saponin for 72 h, saponin content significantly decreased from 4.054 to 1.867 mg/mL (by 16S rRNA metagenome sequencing and HPLC)

Increase the reproductive capacity of wheat aphids, increase the number of offspring and reduce the age of first breeding, suppressed the salicylic acid (SA)- and jasmonic acid (JA)-related defense pathways and SA/JA accumulation

harboring Serratia improved host aphid growth and fecundity but reduced longevity. Serratia defends aphids against P. japonica by impeding the predator's development and predation capacity, and modulating its foraging behavior

Oral administration of tetracycline to nymphal N. cincticeps resulted in retarded growth, high mortality rates, and failure in adult emergence, suggesting important biological roles of the symbionts for the host insect

Rickettsia infection improved its host’s fitness by enhancing its resistance towards insecticides (imidacloprid and spirotetramat), entomopathogenic fungus (Akanthomyces attenuatus) and parasitoid (Encarsia formosa)

symbiont colonization induces the development of the midgut crypts via finely regulating the enterocyte cell cycles, enabling it to stably and abundantly colonize the generated spacious crypts of the bean bug host

could play an important role for the insect by degrading complex dietary components, providing nutrient supplementation, or detoxifying noxious chemicals (e.g. cyclopropenoic fatty acids or gossypol) in the diet

could play an important role for the insect by degrading complex dietary components, providing nutrient supplementation, or detoxifying noxious chemicals (e.g. cyclopropenoic fatty acids or gossypol) in the diet

could play an important role for the insect by degrading complex dietary components, providing nutrient supplementation, or detoxifying noxious chemicals (e.g. cyclopropenoic fatty acids or gossypol) in the diet

could play an important role for the insect by degrading complex dietary components, providing nutrient supplementation, or detoxifying noxious chemicals (e.g. cyclopropenoic fatty acids or gossypol) in the diet

could play an important role for the insect by degrading complex dietary components, providing nutrient supplementation, or detoxifying noxious chemicals (e.g. cyclopropenoic fatty acids or gossypol) in the diet

R. insecticola-infected aphids were more predated by the ladybird Hippodamia variegata irrespective of host plants and did not improve defences against coccinellid predators or metabolic rates on any host plants

could play an important role for the insect by degrading complex dietary components, providing nutrient supplementation, or detoxifying noxious chemicals (e.g. cyclopropenoic fatty acids or gossypol) in the diet

the removal of Arsenophonus increased the developmental time of the immature stages and reduced the values of different life-history parameters including nymphal survival rate and adult longevity in the host

changes the insects’ body color from red to green in natural populations, the infection increased amounts of blue-green polycyclic quinones, whereas it had less of an effect on yellow-red carotenoid pigments

symbiont contained organophosphorus-degrading MBL-fold metallo-hydrolase gene. Additionally, the bacterium could colonize the insect midgut stably and enhance the host survivorship when exposed to dimethoate

symbiont modulates Kr-h1 expression to enhance ovarian development and egg production of R. pedestris by increasing the biosynthesis of the two reproduction-associated proteins, hexamerin-α and vitellogenin

In response to ladybirds, symbiont-infected pea aphids exhibited proportionately fewer evasive defences (dropping and walking away) than non-infected (cured) pea aphids, but more frequent aggressive kicking

plant mediation and parasitism might be involved in the dispersal of Arsenophonus. Moreover, Arsenophonus was reported to be involved in host plant specialization in the polyphagous aphid, Aphis craccivora

Elimination of symbionts by egg-surface sterilization resulted in significantly higher mortality and reduced growth rates, indicating that the microbial community plays an important role for host nutrition

Elimination of symbionts by egg-surface sterilization resulted in significantly higher mortality and reduced growth rates, indicating that the microbial community plays an important role for host nutrition

symbiont have a weak effect on the ability of aphids to defend themselves against the parasitic wasps Aphidius ervi during the attack and a strong effect on aphid resistance against parasitoid development

symbiont have a weak effect on the ability of aphids to defend themselves against the parasitic wasps Aphidius ervi during the attack and a strong effect on aphid resistance against parasitoid development

synthesize four B vitamins(Pan, pantothenate;Fol, folate; Rib, riboflavin; Pyr, pyridoxine) and five Essential Amino Acids(Ile, isoleucine; Val, valine; Lys, lysine; Thr, threonine; Phe, phenylalanine)

synthesize four B vitamins(Pan, pantothenate;Fol, folate; Rib, riboflavin; Pyr, pyridoxine) and five Essential Amino Acids(Ile, isoleucine; Val, valine; Lys, lysine; Thr, threonine; Phe, phenylalanine)

synthesize four B vitamins(Pan, pantothenate;Fol, folate; Rib, riboflavin; Pyr, pyridoxine) and five Essential Amino Acids(Ile, isoleucine; Val, valine; Lys, lysine; Thr, threonine; Phe, phenylalanine)

Carsonella produces most essential amino acids (EAAs) for C. pyricola, Psyllophila complements the genes missing in Carsonella for the tryptophan pathway and synthesizes some vitamins and carotenoids

Candida can provide amino acids, sterols and other substances for the host and can produce a variety of detoxification enzymes to make the BPHs immune to insecticides, mycotoxins and phytotoxins

Rickettsia infection resulted in increased whitefly fecundity and female bias by stimulating juvenile hormone synthesis. The production of more female progeny facilitates Rickettsia transmission

Burkholderia gut symbiont in the host insect stimulates biosynthesis of the heteroptera-specific JHSB3, leading to larger number of eggs produced and enhanced fitness in Riptortus host insects

the effects of attack by parasitoid wasps are ameliorated by infection with H. defensa: the wasp larva dies prematurely, allowing the aphid host to develop to the adult stage and to reproduce

It supplies the host with vitamins and essential amino acids, such as arginine and methionine that aphids cannot synthesize or derive insufficiently from their diet, the phloem sap of plants

in laboratory conditions, C. jiangsuensis significantly enhanced the development, body size, and reproductive potentials of R. pedestris, compared to individuals with no symbiotic bacteria.

Wolbachia-infected host embryonic development genes revealed Ddx1 mRNAs, which is required for host viability and in the germ line, accumulated in the posterior region of 3-day-old embryos

wCle provisions the bed bug with B vitamins.It is likely that because of wCle’s nutritional contribution to the bed bug, its titer increases in relation to bed bug growth and development.

B. aphidicola derive a proteins GroES induced hydrogen peroxide accumulation and callose deposition in wheat and further activated the plant salic acid and jasmonic acid defense pathways

injected two Spiroplasma isolates into secondary symbiont-free aphids and found that wasps showed a significant preference for plants previously attacked by aphids without this symbiont

Specific regions MB4 of the midgut of infected hosts exhibit specific antimicrobial activity,which suggests the possibility of symbiont-mediated induction of the antimicrobial activity

the genome of Hamiltonella revealed that this secondary symbiont can not only provide vitamins and cofactors, but also complete the missing steps of some of the pathways of Portiera

Susceptible insects became resistant via acquisition of pesticide-degrading symbionts from pesticide-sprayed soil. This association could occur only after two-time-spraying on soil

compensate for the nitrogen deficiency in the cochineal diet. In addition, this symbiont may provide essential amino acids, recycle uric acid, and increase the cochineal life span.

compensate for the nitrogen deficiency in the cochineal diet. In addition, this symbiont may provide essential amino acids, recycle uric acid, and increase the cochineal life span.

compensate for the nitrogen deficiency in the cochineal diet. In addition, this symbiont may provide essential amino acids, recycle uric acid, and increase the cochineal life span.

compensate for the nitrogen deficiency in the cochineal diet. In addition, this symbiont may provide essential amino acids, recycle uric acid, and increase the cochineal life span.

infection with H. defensa reduced aphid susceptibility to the investigated insecticides at low concentrations, potentially by increasing detoxification enzyme activity in the host

plays an important role in interactions between insects and plants and could therefore be considered a valuable target for the development of sustainable pest control strategies.

plays an important role in interactions between insects and plants and could therefore be considered a valuable target for the development of sustainable pest control strategies.

plays an important role in interactions between insects and plants and could therefore be considered a valuable target for the development of sustainable pest control strategies.

The GroEL proteins produced by Arsenophonus in B. tabaci (Asia II species) was found to interact with the coat protein of begomovirus and therefore facilitate virus transmission

aphids are dependent on this microorganism for the production of the essential amino acids, vitamins and sterols that are necessary for their normal development and reproduction

aphids are dependent on this microorganism for the production of the essential amino acids, vitamins and sterols that are necessary for their normal development and reproduction

Serratia may be related to the virulence variation of BPHs. It is speculated that the rich Serratia in the gut of the long-winged BPH can help it adapt to the harsh environment.

against this entomopathogen Pandora neoaphidis, reduce mortality and also decrease fungal sporulation on dead aphids which may help protect nearby genetically identical insects

against this entomopathogen Pandora neoaphidis, reduce mortality and also decrease fungal sporulation on dead aphids which may help protect nearby genetically identical insects

Rickettsia plays an essential role in energy metabolism, and nutrient synthesis in the B. tabaci MEAM1, and depends on metabolites obtained from the host to ensure its survival

against this entomopathogen Pandora neoaphidis, reduce mortality and also decrease fungal sporulation on dead aphids which may help protect nearby genetically identical insects

against this entomopathogen Pandora neoaphidis, reduce mortality and also decrease fungal sporulation on dead aphids which may help protect nearby genetically identical insects

it seems that the symbiotic bacterium of G. lineatum might have vital role in provision of essential nutrients necessary to support host survival, development and fecundity.

aphid strain infected with H. defensa performed shortened developmental duration for 1st instar and total nymph stages, reduced aphid survival rate, offspring, and longevity

it seems that the symbiotic bacterium of G. lineatum might have vital role in provision of essential nutrients necessary to support host survival, development and fecundity.

The dramatic replacements of dominant bacteria in the plant-feeding true bugs may help to drive the adaptive radiation of plant-feeding true bugs in the early Cretaceous

synthesizing essential amino acid (e.g. tryptophan, leucine and L-Isoleucine), Bemisia tabaci provides vital nutritional support for growth, development and reproduction

help to maintain aphid fitness during heat stress to varying degrees; the presence of facultative symbionts like S. symbiotica may protect the obligate symbiont Buchnera

BsNLG8 significantly inhibited the growth of phytopathogenic fungi and also demonstrated the ability to produce siderophores, which explains its antagonistic mechanism.

infected WBPH were of shorter nymphal duration and heavier adult weight. Asaia sp. plays a role in improving WBPH fitness through involvement in host’s nutrient supply

a nested symbiotic arrangement, where one bacterium lives inside another bacterium,occurred in building the mosaic metabolic pathways seen in mitochondria and plastids

a nested symbiotic arrangement, where one bacterium lives inside another bacterium,occurred in building the mosaic metabolic pathways seen in mitochondria and plastids

a nested symbiotic arrangement, where one bacterium lives inside another bacterium,occurred in building the mosaic metabolic pathways seen in mitochondria and plastids

a nested symbiotic arrangement, where one bacterium lives inside another bacterium,occurred in building the mosaic metabolic pathways seen in mitochondria and plastids

a nested symbiotic arrangement, where one bacterium lives inside another bacterium,occurred in building the mosaic metabolic pathways seen in mitochondria and plastids

a nested symbiotic arrangement, where one bacterium lives inside another bacterium,occurred in building the mosaic metabolic pathways seen in mitochondria and plastids

a nested symbiotic arrangement, where one bacterium lives inside another bacterium,occurred in building the mosaic metabolic pathways seen in mitochondria and plastids

a nested symbiotic arrangement, where one bacterium lives inside another bacterium,occurred in building the mosaic metabolic pathways seen in mitochondria and plastids

a nested symbiotic arrangement, where one bacterium lives inside another bacterium,occurred in building the mosaic metabolic pathways seen in mitochondria and plastids

a nested symbiotic arrangement, where one bacterium lives inside another bacterium,occurred in building the mosaic metabolic pathways seen in mitochondria and plastids

a nested symbiotic arrangement, where one bacterium lives inside another bacterium,occurred in building the mosaic metabolic pathways seen in mitochondria and plastids

metabolic constraints or antisense transcripts may reduce Buchnera-mediated production of pantothenate, resulting in poor aphid performance on pantothenate-free diets

with a single naturally occurring isolate of Serratia symbiotica, wasps showed a significant preference for plants that had been fed on by aphids without the symbiont

provides strong protection against parasitoid wasps; Negative effects of R5.15 on host survival and lifetime reproduction were limited and frequently non-significant

provides strong protection against parasitoid wasps; Negative effects of R5.15 on host survival and lifetime reproduction were limited and frequently non-significant

provides strong protection against parasitoid wasps; Negative effects of R5.15 on host survival and lifetime reproduction were limited and frequently non-significant

support the production of eight of the 10 essential amino acids by Sulcia (arginine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, lysine, threonine, isoleucine, leucine, and valine),

Transinfected planthopper lines acquired the insecticide sensitivity trait, with associated downregulation of the P450 xenobiotic detoxification system of the host

Purine metabolism genes in the symbiotic bacterium Buchnera complement aphid genes, and Buchnera can meet its nucleotide requirement from aphid-derived guanosine

Hamiltonella retarded the growth and development of cotton aphids accompanied by the downregulation of genes related to energy synthesis and nutrient metabolism

Survival rate of the parasitoid wasp attacked in the presence of symbiotic bacteria is significantly higher, but growth and development are negatively affected.

protects pea aphids from the aphid-specific fungal entomopathogen Zoophthora occidentalis but not from the generalist insect fungal pathogen Beauveria bassiana

Presence of the symbiont also reduced parasitoid Aphidius gifuensis parasitic success, increased the wasp development time and decreased its emergence weight

Sulcia is responsible for synthesizing eight essential amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, threonine, lysine, arginine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, and valine)

help stinkbugs to feed on soybean developing seeds in spite of its chemical defenses by degrading isoflavonoids and deactivate soybean protease inhibitors

help stinkbugs to feed on soybean developing seeds in spite of its chemical defenses by degrading isoflavonoids and deactivate soybean protease inhibitors

help stinkbugs to feed on soybean developing seeds in spite of its chemical defenses by degrading isoflavonoids and deactivate soybean protease inhibitors

Burkholderia sp. did not affect the development of the host insect but the first oviposition time was in approximately 60% compared with a control group

support the exploitation of the poor diet of plant-phloem sap by aphids through supplementation of deficient nutrients, primarily essential amino acids

Symbiotic nymphs grew more rapidly, were approximately four times more likely to survive to adulthood than aposymbiotic bugs, and were two times larger

Symbiotic nymphs grew more rapidly, were approximately four times more likely to survive to adulthood than aposymbiotic bugs, and were two times larger

symbiont reduction led to reduction of the total life span and intrinsic rate of natural increase as well as appearance of the deformed dead offspring

symbiont reduction led to reduction of the total life span and intrinsic rate of natural increase as well as appearance of the deformed dead offspring

Sodalis infecting B. trigonica was more closely related to symbionts infecting weevils, stink bugs and tsetse flies than to those from psyllid species

a defensive symbiont presumably of an obligate nature, which encoded horizontally acquired genes for synthesizing a novel polyketide toxin, diaphorin

in an experiment with a single-injected isolate of Rickettsiella sp. wasps were also attracted to plants fed on by aphids without secondary symbionts

the survival and fecundity of infected aphids having survived parasitoid wasp Aphelinus asychis attack were clearly reduced compared to the control

the initial colonization by Burkholderia programs the ontogeny of the midgut, providing a sheltered residence protected from microbial antagonists

treatments of nymphs resulted in retarded development and high mortality of B. insularis, indicating a beneficial impact of Burkholderia on its ho

be responsible for the biosynthesis of most cellular components and energy provision, and controls most informational processes for the consortium

infected group showed greater differentiation in behaviours in response to the two predators (ladybirds and lacewings) than the uninfected lines

Both Bemisia tabaci B and MED show a strong link of the facultative symbiont Rickettsia to transmission of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV)

Serratia defends aphids against P. japonica by impeding the predator's development and predation capacity, and modulating its foraging behavior

Gut symbiont resulted in increase in the body size and weight of male adults;increased dispersal capacity of male adults especially for flight

confers protection against parasitoid wasps, but only when H. defensa is itself infected by the phage A. pisum secondary endosymbiont (APSE)

attenuate the systemic release of volatiles by plants after aphid attack, reducing parasitic wasp recruitment and increasing aphid fitness.

infected insects showed up-regulation and down-regulation of specific genes that may involved in the regulation of symbiotic relationships

produce proteins involved in polyketide biosynthesis,which were up-regulated in CLas(+) insects (associated with citrus greening disease)

Triatomine gut microbiome composition is strongly influenced by three principal factors: ontogeny, species identity, and the environment.

To utilize phloem sap as their sole dietary component, most aphids are critically dependent on symbiosis with the bacteria B. aphidicola

There was a significant negative correlation between drug resistance and infection rate of Rickettsia for imidacloprid and thiamethoxam

involved in the production of seven essential amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, valine, threonine, lysine, arginine, and phenylalanine)

hyperparasitoid (either Aphidius ervi or Aphelinus abdominalis) hatch rate was substantially affected by the presence of the symbiont

aphid endosymbiont Buchnera aphidicola can facilitate cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) transmission by modulating plant volatile profiles

this strain could generate antibacterial secondary metabolites, which could potently inhibit gram-positive bacteria growth in vitro

Buchnera supplies essential nutrients to its hosts for normal development and is the obligate symbiont in nearly all aphid species

Their primary contribution to host fitness is deduced as supplementation of nutrients such as essential amino acids and vitamins

the symbiont Caballeronia prevents successful, long-term establishment of phytopathogenic Serratia marcescens in the squash bug

ATP phosphoribosyltransferase from symbiont Entomomyces delphacidicola invovled in histidine biosynthesis of Nilaparvata lugens

ATP phosphoribosyltransferase from symbiont Entomomyces delphacidicola invovled in histidine biosynthesis of Nilaparvata lugens

With the antibiotic, nymphal growth was remarkably retarded, and a number of nymphs either died or failed to attain adulthood

With the antibiotic, nymphal growth was remarkably retarded, and a number of nymphs either died or failed to attain adulthood

use the T4SS to interact with the Dactylopius cells, which show a strong interaction and molecular signaling in the symbiosis

use the T4SS to interact with the Dactylopius cells, which show a strong interaction and molecular signaling in the symbiosis

use the T4SS to interact with the Dactylopius cells, which show a strong interaction and molecular signaling in the symbiosis

With the antibiotic, nymphal growth was remarkably retarded, and a number of nymphs either died or failed to attain adulthood

produces an economically important natural resin, known as lac; YLS in nutritional supplementation and detoxifying substances

supply vitamins and essential amino acids that are not taken up through their plant diets, such as methionine and tryptophan

enriched amino acid (complete or partial pathways for ten essential and six nonessential amino acids) and sulfur metabolisms

By using caffeine from plants to produce nitrogen, this bacterium allows the coffee borer beetle to survive in coffee plants

By using caffeine from plants to produce nitrogen, this bacterium allows the coffee borer beetle to survive in coffee plants

R. insecticola increased the time of pre-adult duration.R. insecticola may reduce the potential growth of S. avenae clones.

possessed several genes in essential amino acid biosynthesis and seemed to perform roles in providing nutrients to the host

can block larval development of the solitary endoparasitoid wasps Aphidius ervi and Aphidius eadyi, rescuing the aphid hos

symbiont removal caused severe shortfalls of some essential amino acids, including branched-chain and aromatic amino acids

Asaia plays a role in improving the white-backed planthopper (WBPH) fitness through involvement in host’s nutrient supply

Rickettsia induces the expression of genes required for thermotolerance and increases its susceptibility to insecticides.

the disruption of the abundant Yersinia possibly could be related to the enhanced susceptibility towards the insecticides

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

provide nutritional components such as vitamins and essential amino acids that are often deficient in the plant sap diet

encoded horizontally acquired genes for synthesizing a novel polyketide toxin, providing defense against natural enemies

triggers midgut closure in the bean bug Riptortus pedestris to prevent secondary bacterial infections of midgut crypts

enabling L. striatellus to adapt or tolerate various extreme environments to avoid the cost of long-distance migration

nitrogen-fixing bacterium, R. electrica has all the nitrogen fixation genes and colonizes the gut lumen of leafhoppers

H. defensa may indirectly improve the fitness of S. miscanthi by stimulating the proliferation of Buchnera aphidicola

the symbiont localizes to a specialized midgut region and supplies essential amino acids deficient in the host's diet

the symbiont localizes to a specialized midgut region and supplies essential amino acids deficient in the host's diet

Arsenophonus plays a key role in the retention and transmission of CLCuV in the Asia II-1 genetic group of B. tabaci

provides essential amino acids, coenzymes, and vitamins to enable it to adapt to a plant-based juice-based lifestyle

provides essential amino acids, coenzymes, and vitamins to enable it to adapt to a plant-based juice-based lifestyle

enzymes from S. symbiotica may facilitate the digestion of plant proteins, thereby helping to suppress plant defense

infections with Arsenophonus facultative endosymbionts alter performance of aphids on an amino-acid-deficient diet

impairs plant defence response by suppressing Ca2+ elevation and ROS accumulation, allowing colonization of aphids

manipulate plant signaling and defensive responses, suppress accumulation of defense transcripts like JA and SA

are responsible for synthesizing two essential amino acids (histidine and methionine) and riboflavin (vitamin B2)

the disruption of the abundant Wolbachia could be related to the enhanced susceptibility towards the insecticides

Wolbachia may increase this insect's ability to tolerate or acquire the pathogen Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii

the subfamily Lachninae harbors two coprimary bacteria that fulfill the metabolic needs of the whole consortium

degrade this insecticide through a horizontally acquired insecticide-degrading enzyme into the non-insecticidal

encoding the capability to synthetize, or participate in the synthesis of, several amino acids and carotenoids,

the subfamily Lachninae harbors two coprimary bacteria that fulfill the metabolic needs of the whole consortium

Arsenophonus-infected clones on average performed significantly better than their paired uninfected isolines.

Burkhoderia gut symbiont positively affect the Riptortus systemic immunity through stronger humoral immunity

dual infection with Cardinium and Wolbachia induced strong cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) in a single host

dual infection with Cardinium and Wolbachia induced strong cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) in a single host

the ability of B. tabaci Q to acquire, retain and transmit TYLCV is affected by its S-symbiont Hamiltonella

Serratia-infected aphids were more susceptible to most of the tested insecticides than non-infected aphids.

increased density of endosymbiotic Buchnera related to pesticide resistance in yellow morph of melon aphid

reduced aphid fecundity, decreased heat tolerance, and modified aphid body color, from light to dark green

young red aphid larvae infected whith symbiont become greener at adulthood,which can reduce predation risk

Multiple horizontal gene transfer events to whiteflies by a triple nested parasitized symbiotic bacterium

Buchnera provide the aphid with essential amino acids and nutrients that are limited in the aphid’s diet

have the genes involved in the biosynthesis of diaphorin, hemolysin, riboflavin, biotin, and carotenoids

a facultative endosymbiont of Nilaparvata lugens, potential role to synthesize B vitamins for the host

source of resistance to A. ervi is infection by the facultative bacterial symbiont Hamiltonella defensa

SMLS mediates host antiviral defenses to inhibit the propagation of Sitobion miscanthi densovirus（SmDV）

orchestrate host detoxification metabolism via the CncC pathway to promote host insecticide resistance

producing of certain B vitamins (in particular biotin/B7 and riboflavin/B2) and essential amino acids

producing of certain B vitamins (in particular biotin/B7 and riboflavin/B4) and essential amino acids

aphid larvae become darker green when co-infected with Rickettsiella viridis and Hamiltonella defensa

producing of certain B vitamins (in particular biotin/B7 and riboflavin/B5) and essential amino acids

producing of certain B vitamins (in particular biotin/B7 and riboflavin/B3) and essential amino acids

Sphingomonas could mediate A. gossypii resistance to imidacloprid by hydroxylation and nitroreduction

pathogenic to the host insect, raises the possibility of using the Lstr strain as a biological agent

Serratia promoted development and growth of its aphid host through enhancing fatty acid biosynthesis

Produces GroEL chaperone protein that binds to plant viruses and makes virus transmission efficient

shown to be highly abundant in a specific portion of the gut and necessary for the host development

a primary symbiont, which compensates for the deficient nutritional composition of its food sources

reduces bacterial species richness and reshapes bacterial community structure in Nilaparvata lugens

in senescent bacteriocytes, the endosymbionts are degraded through a lysosomal-dependent mechanism

Rhodnius prolixus harbouring R. rhodnii developed faster, had higher survival, and laid more eggs

Wolbachia increases production by its host of reactive oxygen species and its antioxidant system

facultative symbiont aided the recovery of the obligate symbiont and the host after heat stress

facultative symbiont aided the recovery of the obligate symbiont and the host after heat stress

Microbe compensates for nutritional deficiency of host diet by supplying essential amino acids

Regiella reduces winged offspring production and changes the timing of sexual morph production

Rickettsia protects an invasive whitefly against entomopathogenic Pseudomonas syringae strains

enhances expression of P450 NlCYP4CE1 in Nilaparvata lugens in response to imidacloprid stress

provision host insects with the essential amino acids that their hosts can neither synthesize

have been previously described in associations with phloem-feeding insects, in low abundances

have been previously described in associations with phloem-feeding insects, in low abundances

provision host insects with the essential amino acids that their hosts can neither synthesize

drive sex ratio in the whitefly by facilitating fertilization and provisioning of B vitamins

drive sex ratio in the whitefly by facilitating fertilization and provisioning of B vitamins

could shorten the developmental time of nymphs and had no effect on the fecundity of females

drive sex ratio in the whitefly by facilitating fertilization and provisioning of B vitamins

drive sex ratio in the whitefly by facilitating fertilization and provisioning of B vitamins

drive sex ratio in the whitefly by facilitating fertilization and provisioning of B vitamins

drive sex ratio in the whitefly by facilitating fertilization and provisioning of B vitamins

the Regiella-infected strain performed delayed developmental duration and lower adult weight

immune gene Defensin A contribute to the resistance against Nicotine-induced stress in host

retains genes including cell envelope biogenesis, cellular replication, and stress response

the symbiont-free insects exhibited retarded growth, lower longevity, and adult body weight

Wolbachia-infected lineages had prolonged immature development periods and female longevity

Arsenophonus ameliorated growth performance of A. gossypii on an amino acid-deficient diet

the pea aphid lacks the capacity to synthesize arginine, which is produced by Buchnera APS

Burkholderia had a significant positive effect on host developmental rate and body weight.

recycling host metabolic wastes into essential amino acids and B vitamins in the M4 crypts

Burkholderia had a significant positive effect on host developmental rate and body weight.

this bacterial enrichment played a significant role in enhancing insect host reproduction

increases the growth rate of its host Bemisia tabaci during periods of nutritional stress

influences the reproduction of its hosts to facilitate its proliferation and transmission

influences the reproduction of its hosts to facilitate its proliferation and transmission

influences the reproduction of its hosts to facilitate its proliferation and transmission

influences the reproduction of its hosts to facilitate its proliferation and transmission

B. aphidicola disruption down-regulated the expression of the Mp63 salivary protein gene

may regulate the loss of sexual reproduction or has a nutritional role in P. bambucicola

Arsenophonus strain (S-type) negatively affected the insecticide resistance of the host

it has been revealed to play an important role in amino acid biosynthesis for N. lugens

Zinderia had gene homologs for the production of tryptophan, methionine, and histidine

new isolated strain was closely related to the developmental process of L. striatellus

Rickettsiella changes the insects’ body color from red to green in natural populations

stimulating systemic immunity and preventing subsequent infection of lethal pathogens

Rickettsia could play a crucial role in barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) transmission

RITBT slightly increased the efficiency of Bemisia tabaci in transmitting crimp virus

stimulates the sprouting of tracheal branches toward the symbiont-infected M4 crypts

mediates whitefly–plant interactions by suppressing induced plant defences in tomato

ryptophan derived from Buchnera is the key individual amino acids for embryo growth

Buchnera provides to its host essential amino acids that are absent in plant phloem

providing host insects with almost all essential amino acids and several B vitamins

providing host insects with almost all essential amino acids and several B vitamins

beneficial trophic functions similar to that of H. cicadicola in some other cicadas

be entirely resistant to both parasitoids, Aphidius colemani and Diaeretiella rapae

if this symbiont is not acquired, giant mesquite bugs experience higher mortality

Reduced expression of plant defensive gene in tomato probably for psyllid success

Portiera determined vitellogenin (Vg) localization in bacteriocytes of whiteflies

Wolbachia alters microbial communities in wild Laodelphax striatellus populations

with the S-type Arsenophonus significantly decreased host insecticide resistance

symbiont genome encoded genes for arginine metabolism and oxalate detoxification

can be utilized as a novel probiotic which increase the survival rate of insects

can be utilized as a novel probiotic which increase the survival rate of insects

can be utilized as a novel probiotic which increase the survival rate of insects

likely interact with pathogen Xylella fastidiosa in the cibarium and precibarium

produces diaphorin, a polyketide that is significantly toxic to mammalian cells

causes the formation of a scab-like structure on the gut epithelium of its host

support the production of two (methionine and histidine) by Baumannia in GWSS

be essential for host’s growth and reproduction via provisioning of B vitamins

facultative endosymbionts mediate dietary breadth in a polyphagous herbivore

improve the survival rate and shorten the development time of Pumpkin Bedbug

Hamiltonella confers resistance to parasitoids and increases thermotolerance

parasitoids showing a preference for probing aphids infected with R. viridis

enable to obtain nutrients that are scarce in their highly specialized diets

can provide a defence against hymenopteran parasitoids to their aphid hosts

kills parasitoid wasp larvae, allowing aphid hosts to survive and reproduce

threonine and lysine production is carried out solely by Pm Arsenophonus sp

Pseudomonas sp. composition and abundance correlated with BPH survivability

closer to an obligate endosymbiont than to other facultative S. symbiotica

produce essential amino acids lacking in the leafhoppers' phloem sap diet

produce essential amino acids lacking in the leafhoppers' phloem sap diet

produce essential amino acids lacking in the leafhoppers' phloem sap diet

produce essential amino acids lacking in the leafhoppers' phloem sap diet

significantly reduced parasitoid success and increased aphid survivorship

produce essential amino acids lacking in the leafhoppers' phloem sap diet

produce essential amino acids lacking in the leafhoppers' phloem sap diet

produce essential amino acids lacking in the leafhoppers' phloem sap diet

produce essential amino acids lacking in the leafhoppers' phloem sap diet

fungi help in the nitrogen recycling process in Dactylopius by uricolysis

have intimate associations with the growth and development of soft scales

have intimate associations with the growth and development of soft scales

have the gene PIN1 encoding the protease inhibitor protein against aphids

interfere with infection by Flavescence dorée phytoplasma in leafhoppers

Gut symbionts showed a pesticide-degrading activity in vivo and in vitro

supplement biotin and riboflavin to enhance reproduction in planthoppers

participate in the synthesis of all Essential amino acid and Carotenoid

Symbiont-mediated fenitrothion (insecticide) resistance to insect host

provide nutrients that cannot be obtained from plant sap food sources

reduce microbiome diversity and modify host metabolism and fecundity

reduce microbiome diversity and modify host metabolism and fecundity

Nasuia can carry Vgs into oocytes and impair insect egg development

may provide metabolic precursors to the flavobacterial endosymbiont

influences thermotolerance in the whitefly Bemisia tabaci B biotype